Adri,
[quote user="Adri G"]Do I understand correctly that USB0_VBUS pin on CPU should've been tied to GND instead of 5V (since we're only using host mode and don't have a power switch device there currently)? [/quote]
No, USBx_VBUS should not be grounded. The reference design is to connect it to the output of the power switch. But we do have some customers directly tied the pin to 5V for host-only mode, then my patch is required.
Please dump the two 32-bit registers 0x44E10620 and 0x44E10628. The SDK filesystem has a utility 'devmem2' which could be used to read the registers.
By the way, did you ground USB0_ID pin? Your schematics is just a picture, not searchable. The ID pin has to be grounded within 10 Ohm resistance for host mode.